Gears and Differential Explained

One could argue that the differential in your axle is the most important piece of machinery in your vehicle. The differential is what allows you to go around a corner, and changes the direction of power being produced by the engine to drive the axles. This same differential can house lockers and limited slips as well, which are regarded as the holy grail of traction aids in the off-road world.

Originally, vehicles’ differentials were straight cut ring and pinions, with essentially a welded carrier. There were no spider gears and the pinion drove the ring gear — that was it. Both axles were locked together at the carrier and going around corners was quite the chore with no power steering.

As automotive technology advanced, spider gears were introduced into the differential carrier. These spider gears allowed the left and right axle shafts to move independently of each other, and subsequently reduce wear and effort needed to go around corners. This also had the added benefit of reducing the vehicle’s turning radius, as only one wheel was being driven and the opposite side was free to move, however, the movement dictated it.

But how does this black magic work? Thankfully to the wonders of 1930s General Motors, we have one of the greatest feats of art and technology at work for you — the educational film. Bring on the nostalgia and learn a thing or two about gears and the differential.

You May Also Like

Waterproof Your Clothes By Waxing

Winter is here on the east coast, and the rainy season has returned in the West, one way or another, that means something wet is […]

VOTW: How Suspensions Work

There is not a more enticing way to get someone to watch an educational video, than to dust the cobwebs off a 1930’s General Motors […]

Airing Down and Back Up the Right Way

The Libyan Desert’s sand seas aren’t called “seas” for nothing. For kilometer after kilometer, your horizon is bounded by nothing but rolling waves of sand—not a stick of vegetation […]

Things You Should Not Do With a New Differential

Anyone in the off-road segment who has fitted larger tires on their vehicles knows the pitfalls of doing so, and have probably at one time […]